MILITARY DRILLS 

FOR SCHOOLS 


BY 

COLONEL JOSEPH H. BARNETT 


FIRST INFANTRY, I. N. G. 



A. FLANAGAN COMPANY 
CHICAGO 







Patriotic Songs 


HE leading National Patriotic Songs of 



the United States and representative 
songs from many European Nations. 

Arranged for four part singing. Harmon¬ 
ized for use of children in the keys best 
suited for that purpose. Large type. Size 
of print page 5x8. Book trimmed to 6x9. 
Printed on good paper. Strong paper cover. 
32 pages. Price, 10 cents. 


CONTENTS 


America—The Star Spangled Banner—Battle Hymn of the 
Republic—Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean—Hail Colum¬ 
bia!—The Battle Cry of Freedom—Tramp! Tramp! Tramp! 
the Boys are Marching—Yankee Doodle—Tenting on the 
Old Camp Ground—Home, Sweet Home—Marching through 
Georgia—Dixie—My Old Kentucky Home—Old Black Joe— 
Old Folks at Home—Illinois—Maryland, My Maryland— 
Hymn of the Marseillaise—Russian National Anthem— 
March of the Men of Harlech—Annie Laurie—Auld Lang 
Syne. 

Absolutely the best collection of patriotic songs 
obtainable! Every boy and girl throughout the 
land should be singing these songs now? 


A. Flanagan Company - Chicago 









MILITARY DRILLS 

FOR SCHOOLS 

BY 

COLONEL JOSEPH H. BARNETT 

!« 

FIRST INFANTRY, I. N. G. 


A. FLANAGAN COMPANY 
CHICAGO 





COPYRIGHT, 1918, BY A. FLANAGAN COMPANY 



* / 







MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


COMMAND 

There are two kinds of commands: 

The Preparatory command, such as Forward, indicates 
the movement that is to be executed. 

The command of EXECUTION, such as MARCH, 
HALT or ARMS, commences the execution of the move¬ 
ment. 

Preparatory commands are distinguished by bold face. 
Those of EXECUTION, by BOLD FACE CAPITALS. 

The commander should allow a few seconds’ interval 
between the preparatory command and the command of 
execution so that the pupils will know what they are 
going to do. 

Each preparatory command is given distinctly with 
rising inflection at the end, so that the next command 
may be more energetic, firm in tone, and brief. The 
command of execution is always a tone higher than that 
of preparation. 

The movement begins as soon as the command of 
execution has been given. 

To revoke a preparatory command, or, being at a halt, 
to begin anew a movement begun improperly, the com¬ 
mand, AS YOU WERE is given, at which the movement 
ceases and pupils return to original position. 

3 


4 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


SCHOOL OF THE SOLDIER 

1. The object of this school being the individual and 
progressive instruction of recruits, the instructor never 
requires a movement to be made until he has first exe¬ 
cuted it himself, then fully explained it. Whenever nec¬ 
essary he corrects the position of the pupil, and sees 
that no movements are performed carelessly or with 
undue haste. 

Each movement should be understood before passing 
to another. When a movement has been properly exe¬ 
cuted, and thoroughly understood, the pupils are then 
ready for other movements. 


Position of the Soldier at Attention 

2. Heels on the same line and as hear to each other 
as the conformation of the boy permits. 

Feet turned out equally and forming an angle of about 
forty-five degrees. 

Knees straight, without stiffness. 

Hips level and drawn back slightly; body erect and 
resting equally on hips; chest lifted and arched; shoul¬ 
ders square and falling equally. 

Arms and hands hanging naturally, thumb along the 
seam of the trousers. 

Head erect and squarely to the front, chin drawn in 
so that the axis of the head and neck is vertical; eyes 
straight to the front. 

Weight of the body resting equally upon the heels 
and balls of the feet. 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


5 


The Rests 

3. Being at a halt, the instructor lets the pupils rest 
from time to time, the commands being f FALL OUT: 
REST: AT EASE: and, 1. Parade, 2. REST. 

At the command FALL OUT, the boys may leave the 
ranks, but are required to remain in the immediate 
vicinity. They resume their former places, at attention, 
at the command FALL IN. 

At the command REST each boy keeps one foot in 
place, but he is not required to preserve silence or immo¬ 
bility. 

At the command AT EASE each boy keeps one foot 
in place and is required to preserve silence but not 
immobility. 

1. Parade, 2. REST. Carry the right foot six inches 
straight to the rear, left knee slightly bent; clasp the 
hands, without constraint, in front of the center of the 
body, fingers joined, left hand uppermost, left thumb 
clasped by the thumb and forefinger of the right hand; 
preserve silence and steadiness of position. (Fig. 1.)' 

4. To resume the attention: 1. Squad, 2. ATTEN¬ 
TION. 

This is not exactly a new command, but is always used 
after the command, Parade, REST. 


Eyes Right or Left 

5. 1. Eyes, 2. RIGHT (LEFT), 3. FRONT. 

At the command RIGHT, turn the head to the right 
oblique; eyes fixed on the line of 'eyes of the pupils in, 


6 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 



Fig. 1 Fig. 2 


or supposed to be in, the same rank. At the command 
FRONT, turn the head and eyes to the front. 

Salute with the Hand 
6. 1. Hand, 2. SALUTE. 

Raise the right hand smartly until the tip of the fore¬ 
finger touches the lower part of the headdress or the fore¬ 
head above the right eye, thumb and fingers extended 
and joined, palm to the left, forearm inclined at about 
forty-five degrees, hand and wrist straight; at the same 
time look toward the person saluted. (Two) Drop the 
arm .smartly to the side. (Fig. 2.) 










MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


7 


Facings 

7. To the flank: 1. Right (left), 2. FACE. 

Raise slightly the left heel and right toe; face to the 
right turning on the right heel, assisted by a slight pres¬ 
sure on the ball of the left foot; place the left foot by 
the side of the right. 

Left face is executed on the left heel in the corre¬ 
sponding manner. 

Right (left), Half FACE is executed similarly, fac¬ 
ing forty-five degrees. 

8. To the rear: 1. About, 2. FACE. 

Carry the toe of the right foot about a half foot-length 
to the rear and slightly to the left of the left heel with¬ 
out changing the position of the left foot; face to the 
rear turning to the right on the left heel and right toe; 
place the right heel by the side of the left. 

Steps and Marchings 

9. All steps and marchings executed from a halt, 
except right step, begin with the left foot. 

The length of the full step in quick time is thirty 
inches, measured from heel to heel, and the cadence is 
at the rate of 120- steps per minute. (The length of 
the step can be changed to suit the pupils, but the 
cadence should remain the same as above. Care must 
be taken that all pupils use the length of step agreed 
upon. Example, one must not use a twenty inch and 
another a twenty-six inch step.) 

The length of the full step in double time is thirty- 
six inches; the cadence is at the rate of 180 steps per 
minute. 


8 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


The instructor, when necessary, indicates the cadence 
of the step by calling one, two, three, four, or left, right, 
the instant the left and right foot, respectively, should 
be planted. 

All steps and marchings and movements involving 
march are executed in quick time unless the squad be 
marching in double time, or double time be added to 
the command. Example, 1. Squad right, double time, 2. 
MARCH. 

Quick Time 

Quick time is the ordinary time used in drilling. 

10. Being at a halt, to march forward in quick time: 
1. Forward, 2. MARCH. 

At the command forward, shift the weight of the body 
to the right leg, left knee straight. (This is done with¬ 
out any perceptible movement.) 

At the command MARCH, move the left foot smartly 
straight forward thirty inches from the right, sole near 
the ground, and plant it without shock; next, in like 
manner, advance the right foot and plant it as above; 
continue the march. The arms swing naturally. 

11. Being at a halt or on the march at quick time, 
to march in double time: 1. Double time, 2. MARCH. 

At the command MARCH, bring arms to thrust, take 
up an easy run, the step and cadence of double time 
(Par. 9), move the forearms straight to the front and 
rear. 

12. To resume the quick time: 1. Quick time, 2. 
MARCH. 

At the command MARCH, given as either foot strikes 
the ground, advance and plant the other foot in double 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


9 


time; resume in quick time, dropping the hands by the 
sides. 

To Mark Time 

13. Being in March: 1. Mark time, 2. MARCH. 

At the command MARCH, given as either foot strikes 

the ground, advance and plant the other foot; bring up 

the foot in rear and continue the cadence by alternately 

raising each foot about two inches and planting it on 

line with the-other. 

\ * 

Being at a halt, at the command mark time, MARCH, 
raise and plant the feet as described above. 

The Half Step 

14. 1. Half step, 2. MARCH. 

Take steps of fifteen inches in quick time, eighteen 
inches in double time. 


Side Step 

15. Being at a halt or mark time: 1. Right (left) step, 
2. MARCH. 

Carry and plant the right foot fifteen inches to the 
right; bring the left foot beside it and continue the 
movement in the cadence of quick time. 

The side step, half step, and back step are used for 
short distances only. 

Back Step 

16. Being at a halt or mark time: 1. Backward, 2. 
MARCH. 


10 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


Take steps of fifteen inches straight to the rear. The 
back step and side step are not executed in double time. 

To Halt 

17. To arrest the march in quick or double time: 1. 
Squad, 2. HALT. The command HALT is always pre- 
ceeded by the designation of the unit about to halt,— 
squad or detail, or company or platoon. At the com¬ 
mand HALT given as either foot strikes the ground plant 
the other foot as in marching; raise and place the first 
foot by the side of the other. If in double time, drop 
the hands by the sides. 

To Change Step 

18. Being in march, the instructor commands: 1. 

Change step, 2. MARCH. 

At the command MARCH, given at the instant the 
right foot comes to the ground, the left foot is advanced 
and planted; the toe of the right is then advanced and 
planted near the heel of the left, the pupil again step¬ 
ping off with the left. 

The change on the right foot is executed in a similar 
manner, the command MARCH being given the instant 
the left foot comes to the. ground. 

To March by the Flank 

19. Being in march: 1. By the right (left) flank, 2. 

MARCH. At the command MARCH, given as the right 
foot strikes the ground, advance and plant the left foot; 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


11 


then face to the right in marching (Par. 7 ) and step in 
the new direction with the right foot. 

To March to the Rear 

20. Being in march: 1. To the rear, 2. MARCH. At 
the command MARCH, given as the right foot strikes 
the ground, advance and plant the left foot; turn to the 
right about on the balls of both feet and immediately 
step off with the left foot. 

SCHOOL OF THE SQUAD 

21. The squad proper consists of a corporal and seven 
privates. When the corporal is absent he is replaced by 
a designated private. 

22. To form the squad the instructor places himself 
three paces in front of where the center is to be, and 
commands: FALL IN. 

The boys assemble at attention, and are arranged by 
the corporal in double rank, as nearly as practicable in 
order of height from right to left (the pupils right, not 
the instructors) ; each boy placing the palm of the left 
hand upon the hip, fingers pointing downward; each boy 
dropping his left hand as soon as the boy on his left 
has his interval. The rear rank forms forty inches back 
of the front rank. 

The instructor then commands COUNT OFF. 

At this command all except the right file execute eyes 
right (Par. 5) and beginning at the right, the boys in 
each rank count one, two, three, four; each boyHurns 
his head and eyes to the front as he counts. The cor- 


12 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


poral takes number four of the front rank. In this way 
two men call out the same number, at the same time. 
The men are thus designated 1, 2, 3, or 4, front or rear 
rank. 

Alignments 

23. To align the squad, the instructor should first 
place the right guide to the right of where he wants the 
company. 

1. Right (Left), 2. DRESS, 3. FRONT. 

At the command DRESS all boys place the left hand, 
fingers and thumbs joined and elbows in same plane as 
body upon othe hip (whether dressing to the right or 
left) ; each boy, except the base file who is the right or 
left guide, when on or near the new line, executes eyes 
right (Par. 5), and places himself so that his right arm 
rests lightly against the elbow of the boy on his right, 
and so that his eyes and shoulders are in line with those 
of the boys on his right; the rear rank boys cover in 
file, and each man of the rear rank gets directly behind 
his corresponding number in the front rank, so that when 
his eyes are fixed straight ahead they should center .on 
back of the neck of his file leader. 

The instructor verifies the alignment of both ranks 
from the right flank, and orders up or back such boys 
as may be in rear, or in advance of the line; only the 
boys designated move. 

At the command FRONT, given when the ranks are 
aligned, each boy turns his head and eyes to the front 
and drops his left hand by his side. 

24. To preserve alignment while marching: GUIDE 

RIGHT (LEFT). 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


13 


The boys preserve their intervals from the side of the 
guide yielding to pressure from that side and resisting 
pressure from the opposite direction; they recover inter¬ 
vals, if lost by gradually opening out or closing in; they 
recover alignment by slightly lengthening or shortening 
the step; the rear rank boys cover their file leader at 
forty inches distance. 

To Take Intervals and Distances 

25. Being in line at a halt: 1. Take interval, 2. To the 
right (left), 3. MARCH, 4. Squad, 5. HALT. 

At the second command the rear rank boys march 
backward (Par. 16) four steps and halt; at the command 
MARCH all face to the right and the leading boy of each 
rank steps off; the other boys step off in succession, 
each following the preceding boy at four paces, rear 
rank boys marching abreast of their file leaders. 

At the command HALT, given when all have their 
intervals, all halt and face to the front. 

26. Being at intervals, to assemble the squad: 1. As¬ 
semble to the right (left), 2. MARCH. 

The front rank boy on the right stands fast, the rear 
rank boy on the right closes to fort)^ inches. The other 
boys face to the right, close by the shortest line, and 
face to the front. 

27. Being in line at a halt and having counted off: 1. 
Take distance, 2. MARCH, 3. Squad, 4. HALT. 

At the command MARCH, number one of the front 
rank moves straight to the front: numbers two, three, 
and four of the front rank and numbers one, two, three, 
and four of the rear rank, in the order named, move 


14 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


straight to the front,, each stepping off so as to follow 
the preceding boy at four paces. The command halt is 
given when all have their distances. 

In case more than one squad is in line, each squad 
executes the movements as above. The guide of each 
rank of numbers is right. 

28. Being at distances, to assemble the squad: 1. As¬ 
semble, 2. MARCH. 

Number one of the front rank stands fast; the other 
numbers move forward to their proper places in line. 

The Oblique March 

29. For the instruction of recruits, the squad being 
in column or correctly aligned (Par. 23), the instructor 
causes the squad to face half right or half left (Par. 7), 
points out to the boys their relative positions, and ex¬ 
plains that these are to be maintained in the oblique 
march. 

30. 1. Right (left) oblique, 2. MARCH. 

Each boy steps off in a direction forty-five degrees to 
the right of his original front. He preserves his relative 
position, keeping his shoulders parallel to those of the 
guide, and so regulates his steps that the ranks remain 
parallel to the original front. (Fig. 3.) 

At the command halt the boys halt faced to the front. 

To resume the original direction: 1. Forward, 2. 
MARCH. 

To continue the march on the oblique: 1. Resume, 2. 
MARCH. 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


15 


To Turn on Moving Pivot 


31. Being in line: 1. Right (left) turn, 2. MARCH. 

Take care that pupils do not attempt to execute this 


movement as if the ranks were 
spokes of a wheel moving about 
a hub (pivot man). The move¬ 
ment is a broken one. Boys 
obliquing and coming on line suc¬ 
cessively. The movement is exe¬ 
cuted by each rank successively 
and on the same ground. 

At the command MARCH, the 
pivot boy of the front rank faces 
to the right in marching (Par. 7) 
and takes the half step (Par. 14) ; 
the other boys of the rank oblique 
to the right until opposite their 
places in line, then execute a sec¬ 
ond right oblique (Par. 30), and 
take the half step on arriving 
abreast of the pivot boy. All 
glance toward the marching flank 
while at half step and take the full 
step without command as the last 
boy arrives on the line. 


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To Turn on Fixed Pivot 

32. Being in line, to turn and march: 1. Squad right 
(left), 2. MARCH. 

At the command MARCH, the right flank boy in the 



16 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


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Fig. 4 


front rank faces to the right in marching (Par. 7) and 
marks time (Par. 13) ; the other front rank boys oblique 
to the right (Par. 30), place themselves 
abreast of the pivot, and mark time. 
In the rear rank the third boy from 
the right, followed in column by the 
second and first, moves straight to the 
front until in the rear of his front rank 
man, when all face to the right in 
marching and mark time; the other 
number of the rear rank moves straight 
to the front four paces and places him¬ 
self abreast of the boy on his right. Boys on the new 
line glance toward the marching flank while marking 
time and, as the last boy arrives on the line, both ranks 
execute forward, march, without command. (Fig. 4.) 

This movement is not easy to learn and progress will 
be made more rapidly by outlining upon the ground a 
replica of Fig. 4 but on a larger scale and in drilling upon 
that outline. Also it is best to complete the movement 
in six counts, all stepping ofif on the seventh count. 
This counting should be done aloud by all the squad. 

33. Being in line, to turn about and march: 1. Squad 
right (left) about, 2. MARCH. 

At the command MARCH, the front rank twice exe¬ 
cutes squad right, initiating the second squad right when 
the boy on the marching flank has arrived abreast of 
the rank. In the rear rank the third boy from the right, 
followed by the second and first in column, moves 
straight to the front until on the prolongation of the line 
to be occupied by the rear rank; changes direction to 
the right; moves in the new direction until in rear of 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


17 


his front rank boy, when all face to the right in march¬ 
ing, mark time, and glance toward the marching flank. 
The fourth boy marches on the left of the third to his 
new position; as he arrives on the line, both ranks exe¬ 
cute forward, march (Par. 

10), without command. 

(Fig. 5.) 

In the movement of squad 
right about, drilling upon an 
outline will prove of value. 

The movement also should 
be completed and the. squad 
ready to step off with the 
eleventh count. 

34. Being in line, to turn about and halt: 1. Squad 
right (left) about, 2. MARCH, 3. Squad, 4. HALT. 

The third command is given immediately after the 
second. The turn is executed as prescribed in the pre¬ 
ceding paragraph except that all men, on arriving on 
the new line, mark time until the fourth command is 
given, when all halt. The fourth command should be 
given as the last man arrives on the line. 




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SCHOOL OF THE COMPANY 

35. The company ia line is formed in double rank 
with the pupils arranged, as far as practicable, accord¬ 
ing to height from right to left, the tallest on the right. 

36. The original division into squads is effected by 
the command: COUNT OFF. The squads, successively 
from the right, count off as in the School of the Squad, 




18 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


corporals placing themselves as numbers 4 of the front 
rank (Par. 22). If the left squad contains less than 
six pupils, it is either increased to that number by trans¬ 
fers from other squads or is broken up and its mem¬ 
bers assigned to other squads or posted in the line of 
file closers. These squad organizations are maintained, 
by transfers if necessary, until the company becomes so 
reduced in numbers as to necessitate a new division into 
squads. No squad shall contain less than six boys. 

37. The company is further divided into two, three, 
or four platoons, each consisting of not less than two or 
more than four squads. A plato.on leader or lieutenant 
is in charge of a platoon. 

38. The guides of the right and left, or leading and 
rear platoons, are the right and left, or leading and 
rear guides, respectively, of the company when it is in 
line or in column of squads. Other guides are in the 
line of file closers. 

In platoon movements the post of the platoon guide 
is at the head of the platoon, if the platoon is in column, 
and on the guiding flank, if in line. When a platoon 
has two guides their original assignments to flanks of 
the platoon does not change. 

In column of squads, each rank preserves the align¬ 
ment toward the side of the guide. 

39. In movements executed simultaneously by the 
platoons (as platoons right or platoons, column right), 
platoon leaders repeat the preparatory commands applic¬ 
able to their respective platoons. The command of exe¬ 
cution is given by the captain only. 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 19 

To Form the Company 

40. At the sounding of the assembly the first sergeant 
takes position six paces in front of where the center of 
the company is to be, faces it, draws saber, and com¬ 
mands: FALL IN. 

The right guide of the company places himself, facing 
to the front, where the right of the company is to rest, 
and at such point that the center of the company will 
be six paces from and opposite the first sergeant; the 
squads form in their proper places on the left of the 
right guide, superintended by the other sergeants, who 
then take their posts. 

The first sergeant commands: REPORT. Remaining 
in position at the order, the squad leaders, in succession 
from the right, salute and report: All present; or, Pri¬ 
vate (s) - absent. The first sergeant does not 

return the salutes of the squad leaders; he then com¬ 
mands: 1. Inspection, 2. ARMS, 3. Order, 4. ARMS, 
faces about, salutes the captain, reports: Sir, all present 
or accounted for, or the names of the unauthorized ab¬ 
sentees, and, without command, takes his post. 

If the company can not be formed by squads, the first 
sergeant commands: 1. Inspection, 2. ARMS, 3. Right 
shoulder, 4. ARMS, and calls the roll. Each man, as his 
name is called, answers here and executes order arms. 
The sergeant then effects the division into squads and 
reports the company as prescribed above. 

The captain places himself twelve paces in front of 
the center of, and facing, the company in time to receive 
the report of the first sergeant, whose salute he returns, 
and then draws saber. 



20 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


The lieutenants take their posts when the first ser¬ 
geant has reported and draw saber with the captain. 
The company, if not under arms, is formed in like man¬ 
ner omitting reference to arms. 

To Dismiss the Company- 

41. Being in line at a halt, the instructor directs the 
first sergeant: Dismiss the company. The officers fall 
out. The first sergeant places himself faced to the front, 
three paces to the front and two paces from the nearest 
flank of the company, salutes, faces toward opposite 
flank of the company and commands: 1. Inspection, 2. 
ARMS, 3. Port, 4. ARMS, 5. DISMISSED. 

If company be formed without arms, commands 1-4 
are omitted. 

Alignments 

42. The alignments are executed as prescribed in the 
school of the squad (Par. 23), the guide being estab¬ 
lished instead of the flank file' The rear-rank pupil of 
the flank file keeps his head and eyes to the front and 
covers his file leader, at right dress. The guide does 
likewise. At each alignment the captain places himself 
in prolongation of the line, two paces from and facing 
the flank toward which the dress is made, verifies, or 
corrects the alignment, and commands: Front. 

Movements on the Fixed Pivot 

43. Being in line, to turn the company: 1. Company 
right (left), 2. MARCH, 3. Company, 4. HALT; or 3. 
Forward, 4. MARCH. 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


21 


At the second command the right flank boy in the 
front rank faces to the right in marching and marks 
time; the other front ranks 
boys oblique to the right, 


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fix 

moves %$\ 

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\ 

it 


place themselves abreast of 
the pivot, and mark time; 
in the rear rank the third 
boy from the right, fol¬ 
lowed in column by the 
second and first, 
straight to the front until 
in rear of his front rank 
boy, when all face to the 
right in marching and mark 
time; the remaining boys 
of the rear rank move 
straight to the front four 
paces, oblique to the right, 
place themselves abreast of 
the third, cover their file 
leaders, and mark time; the 
right guide steps back, 
takes post on the flank, and 
marks time. (Fig. 6.) The fourth command is given 
when the last boy is one pace in rear of the new line. 

The command halt may be given at any time; only 
those halt who are in the new position. Each of the 
others halts upon arriving on the line, aligns himself to 
the right, and executes front without command. 

44. Being in line, to form column of platoons, or the 
reverse: 1. Platoons right (left), 2. MARCH, 3. Com¬ 
pany, 4. HALT; or 3. Forward, 4. MARCH. 


Fig. 6 













22 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


Executed by each platoon as described for the com¬ 
pany. Before forming line the captain sees that the 
guides on the flank toward which the movement is to 
be executed are covering. This is done by previously 
announcing the guide to that flank. 

45. Being in line, to form column of squads, or the 



reverse; or being in line of platoons, to form column of 
platoons, or the reverse: 1. Squads right* (left), 2. 
MARCH; or 1. Squads right (left), 2. MARCH, 3. Com¬ 
pany, 4. HALT. Executed by each squad as described 
in the school of the squad. (Fig. 7.) 

Movements on the Moving Pivot 

46. Being in line, to change directions: E Right (left) 
turn, 2. MARCH, 3. Forward, 4. MARCH. 

Executed as described in the School of the Squad 
(Par. 31), except that the boys do not glance toward 
the marching flank and that all take the full step at 
the fourth command. The right guide is the pivot of 
the front rank. Each rear rank boy obliques on the 
same ground as his file leader. 

47. Being in column of platoons, to change direc¬ 
tions: 1. Column right (left), 2. MARCH. 

At the first command the leader of the leading platoon 
commands: Right turn. At the command march the 
leading platoon turns to the right on moving pivot; its 
leader commands: 1. Forward, 2. MARCH, on comple- 












MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


23 


tion of the turn. Rear platoons march squarely up to 
the turning point of the leading platoon and turn at 
command of their leaders. 

48. Being in column of squads, to change directions: 

1. Column right (left), 2. MARCH. 

At the command 



MARCH the front 
rank of the leading 
squad turns to the 
right on moving piv¬ 
ot as in the School 
of the Squad; the 
other ranks, without 


command, turn sue- IS ' 

cessively on the same ground and in a similar manner. 


(Fig. 8.) 


49. Being in column of squads, to form line of pla¬ 
toons or the reverse: 1. Platoons, column right (left), 2. 
MARCH. 

Executed by each platoon as described for the com¬ 


pany. 


50. Being in line, to form column of squads and 
change direction: 1. Squads right (left), column right 
(left), 2. MARCH; or 1. Right (left) by squads, 2. 
MARCH. 

In the first case the right squad initiates the column 
right as soon as it has completed the squad right. 

In the second case, at the command MARCH, the 
right squad marches FORWARD; the remainder of the 
company executes squads right, column left, and follows 
the right squad. The right guide when he has posted 
himself in front of the right squad, takes four short 




24 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


steps, then resumes the full step; the right squad con¬ 
forms. 

51. Being in line, to form line of platoons: 1. Squads 
right (left), platoons, column right (left), 2. MARCH; 
or 1. Platoons right (left) by squads, 2. MARCH. 

Executed by each platoon as described for the com¬ 
pany in the preceding paragraph. 

On Right (Left) Into Line 

52. Being in column of platoons or squads, to form 
line on right or left: 1. On right (left) into line, 2. 
MARCH, 3. Company, 4. HALT, 5. FRONT. 

At the first command the leader of the leading unit 
commands: Right turn. The leaders of the other units 
command: Forward, if at a halt and continue the match, 
if on the march. At the second command the leading 
unit turns to the right on a moving pivot. The com¬ 
mand HALT is given when the leading unit has ad¬ 
vanced the desired distance in the new direction; it halts; 
its leader then commands: RIGHT DRESS; FRONT. 

The units in rear continue to march straight to the 
front; each, when opposite the right of its place in line, 
executes right turn at the command of its leader; each 
is halted on the line at the command of its leader, who 
then commands: RIGHT DRESS. All dress on the 
first unit in line. Right dress is held, until company 
commander gives: FRONT. 

If executed in double time, the leading squad marches 
in double time until halted. This is a very pretty move¬ 
ment, and is used especially to bring the company from 
columns of squads to Company Front. 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


25 


Front into Line 

53. Being in column of platoons or squads, to form 
line to the front: 1. Right (left) front into line, 2. 
MARCH, 3. Company, 4. HALT, 5. FRONT. 

At the first command the leaders of the units in rear 
of the leading one command: RIGHT OBLIQUE. If 
at a halt, the leader of the leading unit (squad) com¬ 
mands: FORWARD. At the second command the lead¬ 
ing unit moves straight forward; the rear units oblique 
as indicated. The command halt is given when the lead¬ 
ing unit has advanced the desired distance; it halts; its 
leader then commands: Left dress. Each of the rear 
units, when opposite its place in line, resumes the origi¬ 
nal direction at the command of its leader; each is halted 
on the line at the command of its leader, who then com¬ 
mands : Left dress. All dress on the first unit in line. 

54. Being in column of squads to form column of 
platoons, or being in line of platoons, to form the com¬ 
pany in line: 1. Platoons, right (left) front into line, 
2. MARCH, 3. Company, 4. HALT, 5. FRONT. 

Executed by each platoon as described for the com¬ 
pany. In forming the company in line, the dress is on 
the left squad of the left platoon. If forming column of 
platoons, platoon leaders verify the alignment before tak¬ 
ing their posts; the captain commands front when the 
alignments have been verified. 

When front into line is executed in double time the 
commands for halting and aligning are omitted and the 
guide is toward the side of the first unit in line. 


26 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


AT EASE AND ROUTE STEP 

55. The column of squads is the habitual column of 
route, but route step and at ease are applicable to any 
marching formation. 

56. To march at route step: 1. Route Step, 2. 
MARCH. 

The boys are allowed to carry their guns at will, keep¬ 
ing the muzzles elevated; they are not required to pre¬ 
serve silence, nor to keep step. The ranks cover and 
preserve their distance. If halted from route step, the 
'boys stand at rest. 

57. To march at eafee: 1. At ease, 2. MARCH. 

The company marches as in route step, except that 

silence is preserved; when halted, the boys remain at 
ease. 

58. Marching at route step or at ease: 1. Company, 
2. ATTENTION. 

At the command attention the pieces are brought to 
the right shoulder and the cadenced step in quick time 
is resumed. 

59. Being in column of squads: 1. Right (left) by 
twos, 2. MARCH. 

At the command maroh all files except the two right 
files of the leading squad execute in place, halt (In place, 
halt is executed by Company halting, but if boys are 
carrying rifles, these are kept at the right shoulder in¬ 
stead of at order arms) : the two left files of the leading 
squad oblique to the right when disengaged and fol¬ 
low the right files at the shortest practicable distance. 
The remaining squads follow successively in like man¬ 
ner. (Fig. 9.) 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


27 


60. Being in column of squads or twos: 1. Right 
(left) by file, 2. MARCH. 

At the command march, all files execute in place halt 
except the right file of the leading two or squad. The 
left file or files of the leading two or squad oblique suc¬ 
cessively to the right when disengaged 
and each follows the file on its right at 
the shortest practicable distance. The 
remaining twos or squads follow succes¬ 
sively in like manner. 

61. Being in column of files or twos, 
to form column of squads; or, being in 
column of files, to form column of twos: 

1. Squads (Twos), right (left) front into 
line, 2. MARCH. 

At the command MARCH, the leading 
file or files halt. The remainder of the 
squad, or two, obliques to the right and 
halts on line with the leading file or files. 

The remaining squads or twos close up 
and successively form in rear of the first 
in like manner. 

The movement described in this paragraph will be 
ordered right or left, so as to restore the files to their 
normal relative positions in the two or squad. That is 
to say, if the first movement is, right by twos; then the 
command to assemble the company to squad column 
would be, Left front into line. Right by twos, or by 
file, is not a good disciplinary exercise for any but a 
very small unit. 


nnup 

□cp 


y.'.—l V- , «—i.w 


y 

f’f/j r~ 


f—j-X-1 r~ 

L-i-J i~ 


-'-I *- r~“: -1 

T t J 


□□□□ 

Fig. 9 




28 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


THE MANUAL OF ARMS 

62. When fair progress has been made in the instruc¬ 
tion without arms; the pupils are taught the manual of 
arms. The following rules govern the carrying of the 
piece. 

Fall in is executed with the piece at the order arms. 
If at the order, unless otherwise prescribed, the piece is 
brought to the right shoulder at the command march, 
the three motions corresponding with the first three 
steps. Movements may be executed at the trail by 
prefacing the preparatory command with the words at 
trail; as, 1. At trail, forward, 2. MARCH; the trail is 
taken at the command MARCH. 

When the facings, alignments, ©pen and close ranks, 
taking interval or distance, and assemblings are exe¬ 
cuted from the order, raise the piece to the trail while 
in motion and resume the order arms on halting. 

The piece is brought to the order on halting. The 
execution of the order arms begins when the halt is 
completed. 

A disengaged hand in double time is held as when 
without arms. 

63. In resuming the order from any position in the 
manual, the motion next to the last concludes with the 
butt of the gun about three inches from the ground, 
barrel to the rear, the left hand above and near the 
right, steadying the piece, fingers extended and joined, 
forearm and wrist straight and inclining downward, all 
fingers of the right hand grasping the gun. To complete 
the order, lower the piece gently to the ground with the 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


29 



Fig. 10 (Side) Fig. 10 (Front) 


right hand, drop the left hand smartly to the side, and 
take the position of order arms. 

Commands in the Manual of Arms should be given 
by placing emphasis on ARMS as the command of exe¬ 
cution, right shoulder being the preparatory command. 
A slight pause between these two elements is necessary. 

The cadence of the motions is that of quick time, the 
recruits are first required to give their whole attention 
to the details of the motions, the cadence being gradually 
required as they become accustomed to handling their 
guns. The instructor may require them to count aloud 
in cadence with the motions. 














30 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


The manual is taught at a halt and the movements 
are, for the purpose of instruction, divided into motions 
and executed in detail; in this case the command of exe¬ 
cution determines the prompt execution of the first 
motion, and the commands, two, three, four, that of the 
other motions. 

Thus, to execute the movement in detail the instruc¬ 
tor first cautions, by the numbers. The boys then exe¬ 
cute the first position and wait for the command of two 
for the next movement. 

Whenever circumstances require, the regular positions 
of the manual of arms may be ordered without regard 
to the previous position of the gun. 

Under exceptional conditions of. weather or fatigue the 
rifle may be carried in any manner directed. 

64. Position of order arms standing: The butt rests 
evenly on the ground, barrel to the rear, toe of the butt 
on a line and touching the toe of the right shoe, arms 
and hands hanging naturally, right hand holding the 
piece between the thumb and fingers. (Fig. 10.) 

65. Being at order arms : 1. Present, 2. ARMS. 

With the right hand carry the gun in front of the 
center of the body, barrel to the rear and vertical, grasp 
it with the left hand at the balance. Left forearm is 
horizontal and resting against the body. (Two) Grasp 
the small of the stock with the right hand. (Fig. 11.) 

66. Being at order arms: 1, Port, 2. ARMS. 

With the right hand raise and throw the gun diago¬ 
nally across the body, grasp it smartly with both hands; 
the right, palm down, at the small of the stock; the left, 
palm up, at the balance; barrel up, sloping to the left 
and crossing opposite the junction of the neck with the 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


31 



Fig. 11 



Fig. 12 


left shoulder; right forearm horizontal; left forearm 
resting against the body; the piece in a vertical plane 
parallel to the front. (Fig. 12.) 

67. Being at present arms: 1. Port, 2. ARMS. 

Carry the gun diagonally across the body and take 

position of port arms. 

68. Being at port arms: 1.. Present, 2. ARMS. 

Carry the gun to a vertical position in front of the 

center of the body and take the position of present arms. 
(Fig. 11.) 

69. Being at present or port arms : 1. Order, 2. ARMS. 













32 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


Let go with the right hand; lower and carry the gun 
to the right with the left hand; regrasp it with the right 
hand just above the lower band; let go with the left 
hand, and take the next to the last position in coming 
to the order (Par. 63). (Two) Complete the order. 

70. Being at order arms: 1. Right shoulder, 2. ARMS. 

With the right hand raise and throw the gun diago¬ 
nally across the body; carry the right hand quickly to 
the butt, embracing it, the heel between the first two 
fingers. (Two) Without changing the grasp of the right 
hand, place the gun on the right shoulder, barrel up and 
inclined at an angle of about forty-five degrees from the 
horizontal, trigger guard in the hollow of the shoulder, 
right elbow near the side, the piece in a vertical plane 
perpendicular to the front; carry the left hand, thumb 
and fingers extended and joined, to the small of the 
stock, tip of the forefinger touching the cocking piece, 
wrist straight and elbow down. (Three) Drop the left 
hand by the side. (Fig. 13.) 

71. Being at right shoulder arms: 1. Order, 2. ARMS. 

Press the butt down quickly and throw the piece 

diagonally across the body, the right hand retaining the 
grasp of the butt. (Two), (Three) Execute order arms 
as described from port arms (Par. 69). 

72. Being at port arms: 1. Right shoulder, 2. ARMS. 

Change the right hand to the butt. (Two), (Three) 

as in right shoulder arms from order arms (Par. 70). 

73. Being at right shoMlder arms: 1. Port, 2. ARMS. 

Press the butt down quickly and throw the piece 

diagonally across the body, the right hand retaining its 
grasp of the butt. (Two) Change the right hand to the 
small of the stock. 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


33 




74. Being at right shoulder arms: 1. Present, 2. 
ARMS. 

Execute port arms (Par. 73). (Three) Execute pre¬ 
sent arms (Par. 68). 

75. Being at present arms: 1. Right shoulder, 2. 
ARMS. 

Execute port arms (Par. 73). (Two), (Three), 
(Four) Execute right shoulder arms as from port arms 
(Par. 72). 

76. Being at port arms: 1. Left shoulder, 2. ARMS. 
Carry the gun with right hand and place it on the 

left shoulder, barrel up, trigger guard in the hollow of 









34 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


the shoulder; at the same time grasp the butt with the 
left hand, heel between first and second fingers, thumb 
and fingers closed on the stock. (Two) Drop the right 
hand by the side. (Fig. 14.) 

77. Being at left shoulder arms: 1. Port, 2. ARMS. 

Grasp the gun with the right hand at the small of the 

stock. (Two) Carry the gun to the right with the right 
hand, regrasp it with the left, and take the position of 
port arms (Par. 66). 

Left shoulder arms may be ordered directly from the 
order arms, right shoulder or present, or the reverse. 
At the command ARMS execute port arms and continue 
in cadence to the position ordered. 

78. Being at order arms: 1. Parade, 2. REST. 

Carry the right foot six inches straight to the rear, 

left knee slightly bent; carry the muzzle in front of the 
center of the body, barrel to the left; grasp the gun with 
the left hand just below the stacking swivel, and with 
the right hand below and against the left. (Fig. 15.) 

79. Being at parade rest: 1. Squad, 2. ATTENTION. 

Resume the order, the left hand quitting the gun op¬ 
posite the right hip. 

80. Being at order arms : 1. Trail, 2. ARMS. 

Raise the gun, right arm slightly bent, and incline the 
muzzle forward so that the barrel makes an angle of 
about thirty degrees with the vertical. 

When it can be done without danger or inconvenience 
to others, the gun may be grasped at the balance and 
the muzzle lowered until the piece is horizontal; a simi¬ 
lar position in the left hand may be used. 

Trail arms is used when moving the company short 
distances, or going into and coming out of buildings, 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


35 



Fig. 14 Fig. 15 


to avoid hitting the gun in the doorway. (Fig. 16.) 

81. Being at trail arms: 1. Order, 2. ARMS. 

Lower the piece with the right hand and resume the* 

order. 

Rifle Salute 

82. Being_ at right shoulder arms: 1. Rifle, 2. SA¬ 
LUTE. 

Carry the left hand smartly to the small of the stock, 
forearm horizontal, palm of hand down, thumb and fin¬ 
gers extended and joined, forefinger touching end of 
cocking piece; look toward the person saluted. (Two) 













36 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 



Fig. 16 Fig. 17 


Drop left hand by the side; turn head and eyes to the 
front. (Fig. 17.) 

83. Being at order or trail arms: 1. Rifle, 2. SALUTE. 
Carry the left hand smartly to the right side, palm of 

the hand down, thumb and fingers extended and joined, 
forefinger against piece near the muzzle; look toward 
the person saluted. (Two) Drop the left hand by the 
side; turn the head and eyes to the front. (Fig. 18.) 

The Inspection 

84. Being at order arms: 1. Inspection, 2. ARMS. 
At the command ARMS take the position of port arms. 





MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


37 



(Two) Seize the bolt handle with the thumb and fore¬ 
finger of the right hand, turn the handle up, draw the 
bolt back, and glance at the chamber. Having found the 
chamber empty, or having emptied it, raise the head and 
eyes to the front. (Fig. 19.) If imaginary guns such 
as broom handles or wooden guns are being used, this 
command may be either omitted or done by merely mak¬ 
ing the motion with the right hand. 

To Dismiss the Squad 

85. Being at halt: 1. Inspection, 2. ARMS, 3. Port, 
4. ARMS, 5. DISMISSED. 















38 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


SETTING UP EXERCISES 

The instructor will find it of benefit to put the class at 
ease, then call them to attention and insist that this be 
done with snap and precision. The manner of doing an 
exercise is fully one-half its worth. 

The purpose of the following exercises are to limber 
up all of the different muscles of the body. In order to 
give the pupils enough room to do these exercises the 
instructor places them in company front. He then gives 
the command: 1. Take distance, 2. MARCH. 

At the second command all number ones of the front 
rank march straight to their front. After number one has 
taken four steps, number two steps off marching straight 
to his front. In like manner numbers three and four step 
off with four paces interval between them. When num¬ 
ber four has taken four steps, number one of the rear 
rank steps off. Following him with the same interval 
comes number two of the rear rank, then number three 
of the rear rank and then number four of the rear rank. 
As soon as number four of the rear rank steps off the 
instructor commands: 1. Company, 2. HALT. 

The boys are now standing in eight ranks, the first 
consisting of number ones of the front rank from each 
squad and the last of number fours of the rear rank from 
each squad. The instructor places himself in front of 
the pupils. The instructor shows them each exercise and 
then has the pupils go through it, using the same cadence 
as that of marching. At the command halt given at any 
time, the position of the soldier is resumed. 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


39 



First Exercise 


Arm Exercise. 

The instructor should always, go through the exercise 
himself for purpose of illustration. He next commands: 
1. In cadence, 2. EXERCISE. The instructor counts 
one, two, three, four, etc. 

At the command exercise raise the arms sideward 
until horizontal. With the fingers extended describe cir¬ 
cles in the air, keeping the arms straight. Gradually 
increase the size of the circle, until the full arm swing 
is reached. (Fig. 20.) 








40 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 



Fig. 21 


Second Exercise 

Place hands on hips. Bend knees 
and keep heels together and knees 
apart. Return to original position. 
(Figs. 21 and 22.) 



Fig. 22 (Side) Fig. 22 (Front) 





MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


41 


Third Exercise 

Jump to a straddle and at the 
same time raise arms above the 
head. Bend trunk of body, bending 
knees slightly. Put arms between 
legs as far as possible. Raise trunk. 
until body is straight. Return to 
original position. (Figs. 23 and 24.) 

For a variation of this exercise see 
Figs. 25 and 26, which illustrate the 
motions so plainly that no descrip¬ 
tion is necessary. 



Fig. 23 




Fig. 24 (Side) 




42 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 




Fourth Exercise 

1. Arm, 2. EXERCISE, 3. FRONT, 4. REAR. 

At the command exercise raise the arms sideward un¬ 
til horizontal. Front: Swing the extended arms hori¬ 
zontally to the front, palms touching. Rear: Swing 
the extended arms well to the rear, inclining them slight¬ 
ly downward, raising the body upon the toes. Continue 
by repeating front, rear, till the boys, if possible, are 
able to touch the backs of the hands behind the back. 
(Fig. 27.) 







MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


43 




Fifth Exercise 

1. Leg exercise, 2. UP. 

At the command UP, place the hands on the hips and 
raise the left leg to the front, bending and elevating the 
knee as much as possible, lower part of leg vertical and 
toe pointing downward. Replace the left foot and raise 
the right leg as prescribed for the left leg. 

Execute slowly at first, then gradually increase to the 
cadence of double time. This is called running in place 
and should be done also by raising the feet in the rear 
of the body as well as in front. (Fig. 28.) 







44 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


Sixth Exercise 

1. Lung exercise, 2. INHALE, 3. EXHALE. 

At the command INHALE raise body upon the toes 
and slowly the arms sideward until the hands meet 
above the head. At the same time breathe deeply, taking 
in as much air as possible. EXHALE: Lower the arms 
to the sides and at the same time slowly blow the air 
out through the mouth; lower the heels to the ground. 

To bring the company back to close order formation. 
1. Assemble, 2. MARCH. 

At the command march all number ones of the front 
rank stand fast; the others move straight to their front 
until they arrive at their place in line; they halt and 
stand at attention. 

THE SEMAPHORE SIGNALING CODE 

The pupil may learn the correct angles at which to 
hold the flags from the diagram. The easiest method of 
learning the alphabet is by grouping the various let¬ 
ters together as follows: 

For all letters from A to G, one arm is used, making 
an eighth of a circle for each letter in succession. 

The letters LI and I the left arm stands at A and the 
right moves an eighth of a circle. 

The letters K to N the right arm stands at A while 
the left moves round the circle for the other letters. 

.For O to S, the right arm stands at B, the left arm 
moves round as before. 

For T, U, and Y, the right arm stands at C, the left 
moving to the next point of the circle successively. 


- MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


r 



PREPARATORY 




THE TWO-ARM SEMAPHORE CODE 















46 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


The numerical sign J (or alphabetical sign) and V, 
the right arm stands at position for letter D, the left 
arm only being moved. 

W and X, the left arm stands at position for letter 
E, the right in this case moving down forty-five degrees 
to show letter X. 

For the letter Z, the right arm stands at the position G, 
the left arm taking the position F. 

The letters A to I also stand for the figures 1 to 9 (J 
standing for 0), if you make the numerical sign to show 
that you are going to send numbers followed by the 
alphabetical sign (J) when the figures are finished. They 
should be checked by being repeated back by the one 
who is receiving the message. 

The sender must always face the station to which he 
is sending. On a word failing to make sense, the re¬ 
ceiver will at once stop the sender by raising both hands 
horizontally to their full extent (letter R). The sender 
will acknowledge this by making J. The receiver will 
then send the last word he has read correctly, upon which 
the sender will continue the message from that word. 


MILITARY DRILLS FOR SCHOOLS 


47 


AIVIrmative 






V 



OTENTION 



ACKNOWLEDGE 

R 


W 


INTERVAL 




NUMERALS 


rF 





THE TWO-ARM SEMAPHORE CODE 
























INDEX 


About face, 7 

Alignment, 12; to preserve when 
marching, 12; to recover, 13; com¬ 
pany, 20; position of captain at, 20 
Arm exercises, 39, 42 
As you were, 3 

Assemble company, 44; «quad, 13,14 
At ease, 5, 26 
At rest, 26 

At trail, 28 * 

Attention, position of soldier at, 4 

Back step, 9 
Backward, march, 9 
By the numbers, 30 

Cadence, 7, 8, 29 

Change step, 10 

Column right, 22, 23 

Command of execution, 3, 29, 30; 

platoons, given by Captain only, 18 
Command, preparatory, 3, 29 
Commands, how given, 3; kinds of, 
3 ; to revoke, 3 

Company, attention, 26; front, 24; 

to dismiss, 20; to form, 17, 18, 19 
Count off, 11, 17 

Dismissed, 20, 37 

Distance, between ranks, 13; to take, 
13 

Double time, 8 
Dress, right or left, 12 

Exercises, arm, 39, 42 ; first, 39; sec¬ 
ond, 40; third, 41; fourth, 42; 
fifth, 43; sixth, 44; in cadence, 39 
Exhale, 44 

Eyes right (or left), 5, 11 
Facings, 7 

Fall in, 5, 11, 19, 28; out, 5 

Fixed pivot movements, 15, 16, 20, 21 

Flank, to march by, 10 

Forward, march, 8 

Front, 6, 12; into line, 25 

Full step, 7 

Guide, right or left, 12 

Half face, 7 
Half step, 9 
Halt, 10 
Hand salute, 6 

Inhale, 44 

In place, halt, 26, 27 
Inspection, arms, 19, 36, 37; com¬ 
pany, 19 

Intervals, to preserve, 13; to recover, 
13; to take, 13 

Left face, 7 ; front into line, 27; 
shoulder arms, 33, 34 


Leg exercise, 43 
Lung exercise, 44 

t 

Manual of arms, 28 
Marchings, 7 
Mark time, 9 

Movements, execution of, 4; improp¬ 
erly begun, 3; on fixed pivot, 15, 
20, 21; on moving pivot, 15, 22; 
when to begin, 3 

Moving pivot, movements, 15, 22; to 
turn on, 15 

Oblique march, 14 
On right into line, 24 
Order arms, 19, 28, 31, 32, 35; stand¬ 
ing, position of, 30 

Parade, rest, 5, 34 
Platoons, column right, 23 ; guides, 
18; leader, 18; movements, 18; 
right, 21; right by squads, 24; 
right front into line, 25 ; to form 
columns of, 21 

Port arms, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 37 
Present arms, 30, 31, 33 

Quick time, 8 

Rear, to march to, 11 
Rests, 5 
Report, to, 19 
Rifie salute, 35, 36 

Right, by file, 27 ; by squads, 23 ; by 
twos, 26; dress, 12; face, 7; front 
into line, 25 ; oblique, 25 ; shoulder 
arms, 19, 32, 33; step, 9; turn, 
15, 22, 24 
Roll call, 19 
Route step, 26 
Running in place, 43 

Salute, hand, 6; rifle, 35, 36 
School of the company, 17 ; of the 
soldier, 4; of the squad, 11 
Semaphore signaling code, 44-47 
Setting up exercises, 38-44 
Side step, 9 

Squad, attention, 5, 34 ; school of the, 
11; to align, 12; to form, 11, 18; 
to dismiss, 37 ; organization, how 
maintained, 18 

Squads, column of. 18: right, 22; 
right about, 16, 17; right, column 
right, 23 ; right front into line, 27 ; 
right, platoons column right, 24; 
to form columns of, 22 
Steps and marching, 7, 9 

Take distance, 38 

Trail arms, 34 

To the rear, march, 11 • 




AMERICAN HEROES FROM 
HISTORY 

By INEZ N. McF 
For Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh uiauw 
Cloth — 262 pages — Illustrated — 60 cents 
When the “fairy-tale” period has 
passed nothing thrills the schoolboy or 
girl as do true stories of real heroes, 
“American Heroes from History” de¬ 
scribes the deeds of those men who 
were instrumental in building our 
great Nation so entertainingly that 
the pupils are taught history and pa¬ 
triotism while absorbed in the stories 
themselves. 


PATRIOTIC SONGS 

32 large pages — Paper—10 cents 
Contains the words and music of 
twenty-three of the best National 
songs of America and the Allied 
countries. There is no better way to 
teach love for one’s country than by 
the use of patriotic songs. Printed on 
good paper and well bound. This book 
should be in the hands of every boy 
and girl in the country. 


THE MAN 

WITHOUT A COUNTRY 
By EDWARD EVERETT HALE 
Cloth, 25 cents—Paper, 12 cents — 64 pages 
This book has become an America^ 
classic — too well known to require 
comment. 

Our edition is an excellent one, with 
introduction and notes, an account of 
how the story came to be written, 
portrait of author, and questions on 
the text. 

How many copies shall we send you? 


A. FLANAGAN COMPANY—CHICAGO 














lidkhky of CONGRESS 


0 033 261 034 fl 


What To Do For Uncle Sam 



By 

Carolyn Sher- 
win Bailey 
Author of 
“Boys and Girls 
of Colonial 
Days” 


A 

First Book 
of 

Citizenship 
for American 
Boys and 
Girls 


Do your part in the present national crisis by teaching the 
boys and girls of America the every day service for their country 
that helps in the building of a free nation. “What To Do For 
Uncle Sam” is the book that does this. It combines community 
civics, social service, and devotion to country in a practical way. 

The subjects are those recommended by leading educators for 
the first teaching of the principles of democracy. They include: 
health, economy, food conservation, civic beauty, communication, 
wealth, transportation. Junior service through Boy Scouts, Camp 
Fire Girls, and the Junior Red Cross. The treatment of each 
subject enlists the child’s interest. 

The book is illustrated by more than sixty photographs of 
children actually performing the patriotic service described. 

You can’t get along without “What To Do For Uncle Sam” 
because it is the first book in citizenship that translates national 
ideals into practical school and home activities for boys and girls. 


Cloth—224 pages—Illustrated—75 cents 


A. FLANAGAN COMPANY—CHICAGO 



























